دروس مهمة باللغة الانجليزية للجميع والمبتدئين, تعلم نطق الكلمات الانجليزية وكيف تستعملها في الجمل, طريقة تعلم المفردات والصفات الانجليزية بسهولة وبسرعة, ألعاب وأغاني وموسيقى وأناشيد تعليم اللغة الانجليزية الفرق بين كندا واستراليا Canada Vs Australia.
يتكون زمن الضارع التام المستمر من
[HAS / HAVE] + [BEEN] + [VERB+ing]
:EXAMPLES
I have been waiting here for two hours
She has only been studying English for two years
استخداماته
USE 1 Duration from the Past Until Now
يستخدم زمن المضارع التام المستمر للتعبير عن حدث بدأ في الماضي و استمر الي الان
We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes", "for two weeks", and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect
Continuous
EXAMPLES
They have been talking for the last hour
She has been working at that company for three years
James has been teaching at the University since June
USE 2 Recently, Lately
يستخدم زمن الضارع التام المستمر بدون فتره زمنيه الاعطاء معني اشمل و اعم.
و نستخدم عامه في هذه الحاله تعبيرات مثل lately( مؤخرا)
You can use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a duration such as "for five minutes", "for two weeks", and "since Tuesday". Without the durations, the this tense gives a more general meaning of "lately". We often use the words "lately" or "recently" in the sentence to strengthen this meaning
:EXAMPLES
Recently, I have been feeling really tired
She has been watching too much television lately
Mary has been feeling a little depressed
ACTIVE / PASSIVE Present Perfect Continuous
:EXAMPLES
Recently, John has been doing the work. ACTIVE
Recently, the work has been being done by John. PASSIVE
ملحوظه: زمن المضارع التام المستمر نادرا ما ياتي بصيغه الغير مباشر
NOTE: Present Perfect Continuous is rarely used in its passive form.
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Past Perfect
يتكون زمن الماضي التام من
[HAD] + [PAST PARTICIPLE]
:Examples
I had studied a little English when I came to the U.S
They had never met an American until they met John
استخداماته
USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in Past
يستخدم زمن الماضي التام للتعبير عن حدث انتهي في الماضي قبل حدث آخر. ممكن ان يعبر ايضا عن شيء حدث قبل وقت محدد في الماضي
The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
EXAMPLES
I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai
?Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 1992
Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before in 1988
(USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-continuous Verbs
يستخدم للتعبير عن شيء بدأ في الماضي و استمر الي ان حدث شيء آخر
With Non-progressive Verbs and some non-progressive uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past
EXAMPLES
We had had that car for ten years before it broke down
By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years
IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect
عند استخدام فتره زمنيه محدده مع الماضي التام
عكس المضارع التام تماما ، فإنه يمكن استخدام كلمات محددة او عبارات مع الماضي التام. وإن كان ذلك ممكنا ، فإنه عادة ما لا يكون ضروريا
Unlike the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary
EXAMPLES
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996
ACTIVE / PASSIVE FORMS Past Perfect
George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanics license. ACTIVE
Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanics license. PASSIVE
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Past Perfect Continuous
يتكون زمن الماضي التام المستمر من
[HAD BEEN] + [VERB+ing]
EXAMPLES
I had been waiting there for two hours before she finally arrived
She had only been studying English for two years before she got the job
استخداماته
USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Past
يستخدم زمن الماضي التام المستمر لوصف فتره زمنيه بدأت في الماضي واستمرت حتى وقت آخر في الماضي.
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous; however, the duration does not continue until now
EXAMPLES
They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived
She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business
James had been teaching at the University for more than a year before he left for Asia
USE 2 Cause of Something in the Past
استعمال الماضي التام المستمر قبل عمل آخرفي الماضي هو طريقة جيدة لاظهار السبب والنتيجة
Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect
EXAMPLES
Jason was tired because he had been jogging
Sam gained weight because he had been overeating
ملحوظه مهمه
اذا لم تشتمل الجمله علي فتره زمنيه "for five minutes," او"for two weeks" او"since Friday" الكثير من متحدثي الانجليزيه يستخدمون الماضي المستمر لكن هناك اختلاف في المعني يظهر عند مقارنه الامثله التاليه
IMPORTANT
If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday", many English speakers choose to use the Past Continuous. There is also a difference in meaning. Compare the examples below
I was reading when my roommate returned
Emphasizes the interruption of "reading
يؤكد توقف "القراءة".
I had been reading for an hour when my roommate returned
Emphasizes the amount of time "for an hour
يؤكد مقدار الوقت "ساعة".
ACTIVE / PASSIVE FORMS Past Perfect Continuous
EXAMPLES
Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years, before he moved to Paris. ACTIVE
The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris. PASSIVE
ملحوظه
استخدام صيغه الغير مباشر غير شائعه مع زمن الماضي التام المستمر
NOTE: Passive forms of the Past Perfect Continuous are not common
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